Siglec Recombinant Proteins
Siglec (Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) recombinant proteins are engineered molecules designed to study the Siglec family of cell surface receptors. These receptors primarily recognize sialic acids on glycoproteins and glycolipids and are involved in immune regulation, particularly in modulating inflammation and maintaining self-tolerance.
Content on Siglec Recombinant Proteins
- Structure and Function
Siglecs are type I transmembrane proteins characterized by an extracellular domain containing immunoglobulin-like domains and a cytoplasmic domain with immune-receptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs) or activatory motifs (ITAMs).- Inhibitory Siglecs (e.g., Siglec-2, Siglec-8): Contain ITIMs and suppress immune activation.
- Activatory Siglecs (e.g., Siglec-14): Lack ITIMs and promote immune responses.
- Expression Systems
Siglec recombinant proteins are typically produced in eukaryotic expression systems to preserve complex glycosylation patterns essential for functional binding to sialic acids. Systems include:- Mammalian Cells: Ensure appropriate glycosylation and folding.
- Insect Cells: Cost-effective for generating active extracellular domains.
Applications of Siglec Recombinant Proteins
- Immunological Research
- Immune Regulation: Study how Siglecs modulate immune cell activation, signaling, and cytokine production.
- Self-Tolerance: Investigate their role in maintaining tolerance to self-antigens and preventing autoimmunity.
- Drug Discovery and Therapeutics
- Cancer Immunotherapy: Explore Siglec pathways as therapeutic targets for modulating immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
- Autoimmune Diseases: Develop inhibitors or agonists targeting Siglec-sialic acid interactions.
- Infectious Diseases
- Investigate pathogen evasion strategies involving Siglecs, as many pathogens exploit these receptors to suppress immune responses.
- Study interactions between viral or bacterial sialic acids and Siglec receptors.
Siglec recombinant proteins are essential tools for unraveling the complexities of glyco-immunology, enabling the development of innovative therapies and diagnostics for immune-mediated diseases and cancer.
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